Showing posts with label science fantasy. Show all posts
Showing posts with label science fantasy. Show all posts

Saturday, July 27, 2013

"Sadastor" (1930) by Clark Ashton Smith, with Commentary


"Sadastor"

© 1930

by

Clark Ashton Smith 


Listen, for this is the tale that was told to a fair lamia by the demon Charnadis as they sat together on the top of Mophi, above the sources of the Nile, in those years when the sphinx was young. Now the lamia was vexed, for her beauty was grown an evil legend in both Thebais and Elephantine; so that men were become fearful of her lips and cautious of her embrace, and she had no lover for almost a fortnight. She lashed her serpentine tail on the ground, and moaned softly, and wept those mythical tears which a serpent weeps. And the demon told this tale for her comforting:

Long, long ago, in the red cycles of my youth (said Charnadis), I was like all young demons, and was prone to use the agility of my wings in fantastic flights; to hover and poise like a gier-eagle above Tartarus and the pits of Python; or to lift the broad blackness of my vans on the orbit of stars. I have followed the moon from evening twilight to morning twilight; and I have gazed on the secrets of that Medusean face which she averts eternally from the earth. I have read through filming ice the ithyphallic runes on columns yet extant in her deserts; and I know the hieroglyphs which solve forgotten riddles, or hint eonian histories, on the walls of her cities taken by ineluctable snow. I have flown through the triple ring of Saturn, and have mated with lovely basilisks, on isles towering league-high from stupendous oceans where each wave is like the rise and fall of Himalayas. I have dared the clouds of Jupiter, and the black and freezing abysses of Neptune, which are crowned with eternal starlight; and I have sailed beyond to incommensurable suns, compared with which the sun that thou knowest is a corpse-candle in a stinted vault. There, in tremendous planets, I have furled my flight on the terraced mountains, large as fallen asteroids, where, with a thousand names and a thousand images, undreamt-of Evil is served and worshipt in unsurmisable ways. Or, perched in the flesh-colored lips of columnar blossoms, whose perfume was an ecstasy of incommunicable dreams, I have mocked the wiving monsters, and have lured their females , that sang and fawned at the base of my hiding-place.

Now, in my indefatigable questing among the remoter galaxies, I came one day to that forgotten and dying planet which in the language of its unrecorded peoples was called Sadastor. Immense and drear and gray beneath a waning sun, far-fissured with enormous chasms, and covered from pole to pole with the never-ebbing tides of the desert sand, it hung in space without moon or satellite, an abomination and a token of doom to fairer and younger worlds. Checking the speed of my interstellar flight, I followed its equator with a poised and level wing, above the peaks of cyclopean volcanoes, and bare, terrific ridges of elder hills, and deserts pale with the ghastliness of salt, that were manifestly the beds of former oceans.

In the very center of one of these ocean-beds, beyond sight of the mountains that formed its primeval shoreline, and leagues below their level, I found a vast and winding valley that plunged even deeplier into the abysses of this dreadful world. It was walled with perpendicular cliffs and buttresses and pinnacles of a rusty-red stone, that were fretted into a million bizarrely sinister forms by the sinking of the olden seas. I flew slowly among these cliffs as they wound ever downward in tortuous spirals for mile on mile of utter and irredeemable desolation, and the light grew dimmer above me as ledge on ledge and battlement on battlement of that strange red stone upreared themselves between my wings and the heavens. Here, when I rounded a sudden turn of the precipice, in the profoundest depth where the rays of the sun fell only for a brief while at noon, and the rocks were purple with everlasting shadow, I found a pool of dark-green water - the last remnant of the former ocean, ebbing still amid steep, insuperable walls. And from this pool there cried a voice, in accents that were subtly sweet as mortal wine of the mandragora, and faint as the murmuring of shells. And the voice said:

"Pause and remain, I pray, and tell me who thou art, who comest thus to the accursed solitude wherein I die."

Then, pausing on the brink of the pool, I peered into its gulf of shadow, and saw the pallid glimmering of a female form that upreared itself from the waters. And the form was that of a siren, with hair the color of ocean-kelp, and berylline eyes, and a dolphine shaped tail. And I said to her:

"I am the demon Charnadis. But who art thou, who lingerest thus in this ultimate pit of abomination, in the depth of a dying world?"

She answered: "I am a siren, and my name is Lyspial. Of the seas wherein I saw and sported at leisure many centuries ago, and whose gallant mariners I drew to to an enchanted death on the shores of my disastrous isle, there remains only this fallen pool. Alas! For the pool dwindles daily, and when it is wholly gone I too must perish."

She began to weep, and her briny tears fell down and were added to the briny waters.

Fain would I have comforted her, and I said:

"Weep not, for I will lift thee upon my wings and bear thee to some newer world, where the sky-blue waters of abounding seas are shattered to intricate webs of wannest foam, on low shores that are green and aureate with pristine spring. There, perchance for eons, thou shalt have thine abode, and galleys with painted oars and great barges purpureal-sailed shall be drawn upon thy rocks in the red light of sunsets domed with storm, and shall mingle the crash of their figured prows with the sweet sorcery of thy mortal singing."

But still she wept, and would not be comforted, crying:

"Thou art kind, but this would avail me not, for I was born of the waters of this world, and with its waters I must die. Alas! my lovely seas, that ran in unbroken sapphire from shores of perennial blossoms to shores of everlasting snow! Alas! the sea-winds, with their mingled perfumes of brine and weed, and scents of ocean flowers and flowers of the land, and far-blown exotic balsams! Alas! the quinquiremes of cycle-ended wars, and the heavy-laden argosies with sails and cordage of byssus, that plied between barbaric isles with their cargoes of topaz or garnet-coloured wines and jade and ivory idols, in the antique summers that now are less than legend! Alas! the dead captains, the beautiful dead sailors that were borne by the ebbing tide to my couches of amber seaweed, in my caverns underneath a cedared promontory! Alas! the kisses that I laid on their cold and hueless lips, on their sealed marmorean eyelids!"

And sorrow and pity seized me at her words, for I knew that she spoke the lamentable truth, that her doom was in the lessening of the bitter waters. So, after many proffered condolences, no less vague than vain, I bade her a melancholy farewell and flew heavily away between the spiral cliffs where I had come, and clomb the somber skies till the world Sadastor was only a darkling mote far down in space. But the tragic shadow of the siren's fate, and her sorrow, lay grievously upon me for hours, and only in the kisses of a beautiful fierce vampire, in a far-off and young and exuberant world, was I able to forget it. And I tell the now the tale thereof, that haply thou mayest be consoled by the contemplation of a plight that was infinitely more dolorous and irremediable than thine own.

END.

====
COMMENTARY:

This is properly science fantasy, because it directly merges the creatures of fantastic olden myth (demons, lamiae, sirens) with the cosmic perspective of modern astrophysics (a Universe full of stars and planets, with strange life in many places).  It makes the point that even immortal beings can die if they are tied to dying worlds, and that to them this would indeed be tragedy.  This is a new thought:  it would not have been possible to the Classical and Medieval writers who did not understand that worlds were born or died, which is what makes this a modern tale despite its antique trappings.

It is thus akin to Lovecraft's Cthulhu Mythos (to which Clark Ashton Smith was a major contributor) even though it is not properly a Mythos story:  while it may be in the same storyverse as Cthulhu and Yog-Sothoth, there is no even indirect connective reference.  There are similar humanoid mythical creatures in Smith's Hyperborea and Averoigne stories, which are undisputedly in the Mythos, and in his Zothique story-cycle, which are also arguably Mythos.  They frequently figure in those stories as companions of powerful wizards:  here the demon gets to tell its own tale.

It is also xenofiction, for all that it is written from the point of view of anthropomorphic monsters.  For the perspective of Charnadis is definintely evil and unhuman, even though he is a sort of creature that is not that alien to humanity.  It quite well makes the point that evil does not have to equal Stupid Evil; that simply because creatures are amoral and predatory does not mean that they have to lack all compassion (any more than do Earthly predators such as pumas), especially for others of similar kinds.

What is lovely is that Smith avoids the obvious problem with xenofiction in the Mythos, namely that of making the cosmic strangeness pedestrian through too easy familiarity.  Smith's Mythos is always weird and awesome, even when we view it through the eyes of Eigon or Charnadis, and thus it is ever-fascinating.

END.

END.


Tuesday, April 2, 2013

On the Other Hand ... (regarding Adventure Time 515) ...

Since posting my review, it’s occurred to me that I could have completely missed the point.  This could all be a huge Mind Screw by Pen & Company, deliberately writing the episode as if it were a bad fan-fiction to cover up the implications of Simon’s behavior Out of Character.

Very frequently, OOC Is Serious Business – and the Ice King was acting more than a bit OOC in “A Glitch Is A Glitch.”  Specifically, he was acting like an Omnicidal Maniac.

And who do we know in the series who is an Omnicidal Maniac?

….?

What if he’s been possessed, or (more likely, given the power of the Ice Crown) tricked … by the Lich?

The notion of deleting the Universe is very much OOC for Simon Petrikov, who even as the Ice King puts limits on his own actions.  Even the Ice Crown wants to freeze – not destroy – the Earth (and given the preservative qualities of the default ice it generates, it might be argued that   But destroying all life is the specific goal of the Lich King – as it is not of any other villain in the series (for instance, Hunson Abadeer wants to harvest souls, the Fire King wants to burn up the world and colonize it with his own fire elementals).  Thinking about it, I find it more than a little bit suspicious that the Ice King attempted a plan which would have achieved the Lich King’s goals.

Furthermore, the Ice King has never shown any capability to alter the fundamentals of space and time.  At most, he’s aware of and able to peer into other dimensions with his “wizard eyes,” but not to change them.  (We know this because he couldn’t even force the spirits haunting his castle back into the Spirit World on his own – he had to recruit Finn to help him).

The Lich, on the other hand, knew how the Crowns and the Enchiridion might be used to reach Prismo and edit the Universe by wishing.  When we last saw him, he was outside of our spacetime, in the middle of the multiverse, a place from which he might have reached anywhere.

And he just might understand the dimensional connections well enough to move to a position dimensionally-adjacent to the Ice King’s castle.  From there, he might have whispered his lies into Simon’s confused mind, moving him to do something profoundly OOC by using Simon’s known weaknesses (loneliness, and attraction to Princess Bubblegum).

If the Ice King’s plan had worked, the ones to suffer the most would have been the Ice King and Princess Bubblegum, who would have been trapped, alone with each other, in an eternal Void.  As the Lich would surely have known, Bubblegum would have hated the Ice King for destroying everything (including her friends and her people).  Given their respective natures (empowered by the Ice Crown and a sapient biomass of bubblegum) they could have fought for a very long time without conclusion, and then the victor would have died alone in the Void – a truly terrible fate, far worse than mere deletion.

Would the Lich have had a special reason to wish such a fate upon Bubblegum and the Ice King?  Yes – he has a personal score to settle with them.  Bubblegum was one of his gaolers after Billy captured him, and the Ice King defeated the Lich when he possessed Bubblegum.

But the Lich King failed completely.

Or did he?

If we take this episode seriously, the Ice King has just shown himself (in the eyes of Bubblegum, Finn, Jake and pretty much anyone who realizes what just almost happened) to be incredibly untrustworthy and dangerous.  And this, after several previous episodes in which they were coming to trust and like him more.

The Lich is Genre Savvy.  He learns from his defeats.  When Billy defeated him with the Gauntlet, the Lich first destroyed the Gauntlet and then destroyed Billy, to ensure that he might never be defeated in this manner again.  Recently, he’s been defeated three times:  twice by Finn and the Ice King, and once by Finn and Jake.

Between Finn, Jake and the Ice King, who’s the weakest link?  Weakest from the viewpoint of being the easiest to detach from the alliance?

Why, the Ice King.  Whom Finn and Jake now distrust, and Bubblegum probably hates, at present.

Also notice that this would drive a further wedge between Bubblegum and Marceline.

I’m suggesting that this was a Xanatos Gambit – the Lich set things up so that, no matter who won, the Lich would get something.  Either the Universe would be destroyed, or his enemies would be divided – just so long as said enemies never realized who was really behind it all.

And from where I’m sitting, it looks like the Xanatos Gambit worked.

Oh … one last thing.

A glitch is a glitch.

And a Lich is a Lich.

"A Glitch Is A Glitch" (s5 e15) Is the Worst Episode of Adventure Time

Introduction

Adventure Time is one of my all-time favorite animated TV shows.  It's about the adventures of a heroic human boy named Finn and his adoptive brother, a superpowered sapient dog named Jake, in a world a thousand years after an atomic war in which The Magic Returned, with disastrous consequences to Mankind (Finn may be the last, and is certainly one of the last surviving humans).  Among the major recurring characters are Princess Bubblegum, a sapient humanoid being made of living candy biomass; Marceline the Vampire Queen, an immortal half-demon half-human vampire girl born before the war; and (Simon Petrikov, though he rarely remembers that name) the Ice King, who was a normal human Adventurer Archaeologist Antiquarian before the Mushroom War but was empowered, transformed, and ultimately driven mad by the power of the Ice Crown, the Artifact of Doom he discovered.

It's had some great episodes, and unlike many shows of its type (Thundarr the Barbarian particularly comes to mind) has had real character development.  Of particular relevance here is that the Ice King started as a fairly standard villain (his obsession was with capturing Princesses in the hopes that they would come to love him), quickly-revealed a pitiful and eventually a sympathetic side, and as of "Simon and Marcy," the episode immediately before this one, had essentially become an (annoying) friend of Finn and Jake.  This was due largely to the fact that Marceline loves him for sacrificing his own sanity by using the Ice Crown to keep her (at that time a little girl) alive in the chaotic and dangerous conditions right after the Mushroom War.

This episode, "A Glitch Is A Glitch," was the worst episode of the show that I've ever seen, and here's why.

Synopsis

Someone throws a brick with a disk on it through Finn's window.  Finn runs the contents of the disk and it first shows a raven-haired woman with long hair (who looks vaguely like Marceline) eating her own hair.  The computer then glitches -- it was a dangeorus virus -- and then starts physically morphing.  The virus has somehow accessed the fundamental nature of reality and is warping and deleting real objects.

It turns out that the Ice King, hearing Princess Bubblegum say "I wouldn't date you unless you were the last man in Ooo" mis-heard this as "I would date you if, and only if, you were the last man in Ooo."  So he has decided to delete everything in the world save for himself and Bubblegum.  This approach predictably fails:  Bubblegum just beats him up, which however doesn't solve the more fundamental problem.

Finn and Jake travel to the fundamental level of reality, through the glitch, and fight the malevolent virus.  They eventually get it to cough up all the reality it's been consuming and everything is set right again, save for the Ice King who finds himself splined into an object with a monster Jake accidentally created attacking him.  Finn and Jake get a victory hug from Bubblegum.  THE END.

 Flaws

I honestly don't know where to begin here.

The first thing is that the Ice King is behaving greatly and Bubblegum slightly Out Of Character.  Bubblegum is OOC in that she would normally deal with a situation like this by doing something "science-y" -- she logically should have been the one making the portal for Finn and Jake to travel to the fundamental level of reality, if she could do it (and she's the most likely character in that universe to be able to do it.

As for the Ice King, it's been established throughout the series that the reason he's a (mostly) Harmless Villain is that he actually doesn't want to hurt anyone.  His original personality, Simon Petrikov, is a profoundly good man, and he's kept the Ice Crown in rein for centuries. The Ice Crown wants to cover the world with eternal ice:  any time that Simon wanted to destroy the world, all he would need to do is give the Crown what it wants.  Instead, the Ice King has covered just one land with ice, where he reigns over penguins whom he loves like his pets and occasionally kidnaps some princesses to (mostly) just bore them with his insane fanfics and other social diversions, until they either escape or someone (both Finn and Marceline have played this role at times) rescues them.  (Yes, I do know about the several times we know of before this that he did something worse, but it was never on the scale of mass murder.  Or even murder).

To suddenly cast him as an Omnicidal Maniac is just plain wrong.  That's not his character motivation.

There's another problem, which is that it's never been established that the Ice King has the power to do anything of this sort.  His powers are all centered on cold and ice and derivations thereof (such as flying by summoning ice winds and using his prehensile beard as an airfoil).  True, he's part of a Wizarding subculture that trades magic items (which is presumably how he got a Charm Person cursed ring to use on Old Lady Princess in one episode) but I don't see how he could get anything of a sufficient level of power to destroy the world.  Aside from the one item he already has which has that power, the Ice Crown.

Dramatically, this totally went against the theme of the character arc they've been doing with the Ice King, namely that he's been becoming saner since Marceline's resumed her friendship with him.  The Ice King commits his worst crimes out of loneliness, so the less lonely he is, the more nicely he behaves.  That's been his character since the beginning.  If he currently has an obsession, it's with making Fionna and Cake (the gender-flipped versions of Finn and Jake) become "really real" and in love with him; if he was going to do something wicked, it should have been pursuit of that obsession.

What I greatly fear is this:

Rebecca Sugar, one of the best writers/storyboarders for that show, did her last episode with "Simon and Marcy."  She has always done the best epsiodes with the Ice King and Marceline the Vampire Queen, and it was largely her writing which established the characters of Simon Petrikov and Marceline Abadeer as people (rather than mere antagonists or allies).

Maybe they're doing a Take That to Rebecca Sugar.  And if they are, I hope it doesn't ruin the series.

Conclusion

"A Glitch Is A Glitch" sucked.  It really really really REALLY sucked.  I hope this is an aberration, rather than some new and sucky direction for the whole series.

Saturday, April 14, 2012

Review of "Guyal the Curator" (2009) by John C. Wright

Introduction

"Guyal the Curator" is a short novella (about 12 thousand words) which John C. Wright set in Jack Vance's "Dying Earth" storyverse, and available in the Songs of the Dying Earth anthology.

The `verse is probably familiar to a lot of my readers, but basically the "Dying Earth" stories are science fantasy, set in Earth's far future (1) -- many millennia, or even millions to billions of years from our time -- when the Sun is guttering out, whether from natural senesence or from having its energy drained by generation after generation of human engineers.  The humanity of Earth, which at one time attained a very high level of technology including interstellar and transdimensional travel, lives among the ruins of of its past scientific and psionic achievements, many of which they no longer understand and treat as magical.  A few humans, called "magicians," have made a study of these lost arts and have learned to channel transdimensional energies through their own minds, through memorized spells (2), or by studying and collecting artifacts of the lost technologies, using them without fully grasping the sciences behind their operation (3).

Description

The city of Old Romarth dates back to that earlier age of lost science, and is literally built on a tell atop its own ruins, some of which were solidly enough built to be essentially intact.  The city has fallen far, and is reduced to selling relics of its own past in order to survive in the present.  Since everyone expects the Sun to go out sometime within or not too far after their lives, nobody really sees any flaw in this mode of existence (4).

Manxolio Quinc is a minor magician and nobleman of that city, whose reputation rests largely on his possession of "the Implacable Dark Iron Wand," a relic weapon from an earlier age, of whose function and command he has very little concept, but which looks very impressive.  One day, Manxolio encounters a stranger, who tells him more in a short conversation about the Wand and the ancient history of Old Romarth than Manxolio has managed to learn in his entire life.  However, the stranger has forgotten his own name and nature (5).  Manxolio offers to help the man, and thus the quest begins ...

Analysis

I don't want to spoil the story for anyone.  I will say flat out that this is one of the best "Dying Earth" stories I have ever read, and this is against stiff competition, including Jack Vance himself, Robert Silverberg and Neil Gaiman. 

Wright makes us care about the two main characters -- including the less likeable Manxolio Quinc, who serves as viewpoint character in limited third-person (6). The incidents are fantastic, the secrets deep, and the ultimate revelations truly awesome, having an immense impact on our concept of the past and future of the Dying Earth, and all this without rendering the story inconsistent with Vance's own work or other authorized fiction set in that 'verse.  Most importantly, it all makes sense -- there is never a moment where something deeply stupid happens that slices the threads of your willing suspension of disbelief -- and is profoundly moving.

Conclusion

With this story, coupled with his work in the universes of A. E. Van Vogt's World of Null-A and William Hope Hodgson's The Night Land, John C. Wright is establishing himself as not merely a great writer and creator of his own fictional worlds, but also as a supremely-talented worker in other people's worlds.  This is harder than one might realize on first consideration:  the writer who wishes to tell effective stories in other people's universes must manage to convey his own message in a manner consistent with the existing setting and themes.  In particular, he must not flat-out contradict anything already established as true in that setting, and he must handle any established characters and other elements of the setting in such wise as not to jar with the mood of that setting, even if his ultimate message is DIFFERENT from that of the original creator.  Not only is this difficult to do, it is extremely difficult to do well, to do in a manner which results in a story which is both true to the old and memorable for the new (7).

John C. Wright had an especially tough row to hoe here because he was using a character from a previous Jack Vance story in the setting, to tell a story whose theme close to contradicts one of the main assumptions of the setting, and he managed to show with reference to other Vance works in and out of setting, exactly why this all made sense in terms of the setting.  He even made an implicit analogy between one of the protagonists and the hero of another very famous Jack Vance series, which was not originally part of the Dying Earth 'verse, by syncretizing the two 'verses.  And it was done subtly -- I didn't explicitly realize the thematic connection between "Guyal the Curator" and the famous Jack Vance series until I sat down to write this review.

Read this story.  Mortgage your home and unimportant family members to get hold of a copy of the anthology in which it appears (8).  Then read John C. Wright's other works.

It's well worth your time.

END.


=== NOTES ===

(1) - An obvious inspiration for Jack Vance was Clark Ashton Smith, whose Zothique series, set on "Zothique, Earth's Last Continent" (a future supercontinent somewhat similar to Pangaea Ultima), is essentially sword and sorcery in a decadent future world dominated by often-evil magicians -- though averaging a lower level of general technology than Vance's "Dying Earth."  Both are classed as being in the "Dying Earth subgenre" of speculative fiction.

(2) - Using the system even more familiar to many from Dungeons and Dragons, in which a magic-user can memorize and cast only a certain number of spells of certain levels per day.  However, Vance did not here copy D&D -- the first "Dying Earth" stories were written in the 1940's and 1950's.  It was actually Gygax and Arneson who copied Vance, and in some cases lifted spells wholesale from his stories.

(3) - This interpretation of the fantasy elements in the `verse developed over time and is the one Wright used in the story under discussion.  It also is one which makes a lot of sense.

(4) - And humans do the same thing in ancient cities and countries of the modern Earth, or otherwise sell off literally-irreplacable resources with no plan for supporting their economies after the deposits have run dry.  The antiquities and oil trades of the modern Mideast are the obvious example:  but there are less obvious ones, such as the mammoth tusk ivory trade.

(5) - Self-discovery seems to be one of John C. Wright's favorite story subjects:  consider the children from his "Chronicles of Chaos" series, or the multiple deceptions that have been practiced on Phaethon in his "The Golden Age" trilogy.  All I can say about this is that it's one of the strongest possible literary themes, and Wright always handles it well, with self-discovery leading to even larger discoveries which turn out to be vital to the whole story setting,

(6) - Which works interestingly and effectively, because Manxolio is the one whose scope of knowledge is most similar to that of his contemporaries, allowing the other character numerous and well-handled opportunities for exposition to the reader as he explains things to Manxolio; but the other character is the one with a moral outlook more similar to men of our age).

(7) - In the good sense of the word.

(8) - Or you could just visit your public library, like I did.  But where's the fun in that? ;-)

FINALLY

John C. Wright maintains a blog at

http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/58124.John_C_Wright/blog

which is more than a bit interesting.  I recommend it to one and all.